Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious medical condition that occurs when a blood clot forms within a deep vein, usually in the leg. These clots can be life-threatening if they break free and travel to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism.

Here's a breakdown of what you need to know about DVT:

Where do DVTs occur?

• While DVTs can occur in any deep vein, they most commonly form in the lower legs, thighs, and pelvis.

Why are DVTs dangerous?

• Clots in deep veins can cause pain, swelling and discoloration in the affected area. However, the biggest concern is the potential for a pulmonary embolism (PE).
• If a clot breaks free and travels to the lungs, it can block a major artery, causing sudden shortness of breath, chest pain and even death.

What are the risk factors for DVT?

• Several factors increase the risk of developing DVT, including:
  • Long periods of inactivity: Sitting or lying down for extended periods, such as during long flights or hospital stays, can slow blood flow and increase clot risk.
  • Surgery or injury: Trauma or damage to blood vessels can trigger clot formation.
  • Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, like cancer, heart disease, and chronic inflammatory diseases, can increase the risk of DVT.
  • Pregnancy and hormonal factors: Changes in hormone levels during pregnancy and after childbirth can increase clot risk.
  • Obesity: Being overweight or obese can put additional strain on the circulatory system.
  • Smoking: Smoking damages blood vessels and increases clot risk.
  • Family history: Having a family history of DVT can increase your risk.

How is DVT diagnosed?

• Symptoms of DVT can vary, but common signs include pain, swelling, redness and warmth in the affected leg. Doctors may use various tests like ultrasound, D-dimer blood test and venography to confirm the diagnosis.

How is DVT treated?

• Treatment for DVT typically involves:
  • Blood thinners: These medications, like heparin or warfarin, help prevent the clot from growing and reduce the risk of PE.
  • Compression stockings: Wearing compression stockings can help reduce swelling and improve blood flow in the legs.
  • Lifestyle changes: Maintaining a healthy weight, quitting smoking and staying active can help reduce the risk of future clots.
  • Surgery or interventional procedures: In some cases, surgery or procedures like catheter-directed thrombolysis may be needed to remove the clot or open up blocked veins.

Preventing DVT:

• Taking preventive measures is crucial to reduce the risk of DVT, especially for individuals with high risk factors. Key steps include:
  • Staying active: Regularly walking or engaging in other activities can help keep blood flowing in the legs.
  • Moving around during long periods of sitting: Get up and walk around every few hours during long journeys or while sitting for extended periods.
  • Maintaining a healthy weight: Excessive weight can put additional strain on the circulatory system.
  • Quitting smoking: Smoking significantly increases the risk of blood clots.
  • Talking to your doctor: Discuss your individual risk factors with your doctor and ask about preventive measures you can take.

DVT is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. If you experience any symptoms of DVT, seek medical help immediately.

Remember, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing serious complications like pulmonary embolism. By understanding the risk factors, being aware of the symptoms, and taking preventive measures, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing DVT and maintain good health.

If you or your loved one is in the San Antonio area, Boerne or New Braunfels call 210-369-9151 today to make your appointment with Dr. Busken.